Coxcie, Michiel
(Mechelen (Belgium), 1499 - Mechelen (Belgium), 1592)
Michel (or Michiel) Coxcie (Mechelen, Belgium, 1499 - 1592) was a Flemish painter, nicknamed "the Raphael of the Low Countries" for his great success in the Romanist style.
After an apprenticeship with Bernard van Orley in Brussels, he travelled to Haarlem and Rome, where he resided around 1530-39. He learned the technique of fresco mural painting and was the first Nordic master to practise it. In 1532, he decorated the chapel of Cardinal Enckenvoirt in the Roman church of Santa Maria dell'Anima.
The Original Sin, the wing of a triptych whose central panel has since been lost (Vienna, Kunsthistorisches Museum).
He attained a certain reputation in Italy, and Giorgio Vasari acknowledged that Coxcie had successfully adopted the Italian style....
Philip II
(Valladolid, 1527 - El Escorial (Madrid), 1598)
The eldest son of Charles I of Spain and V, Holy Roman Emperor (1500-1558) and Isabella of Portugal (1503-1539), the future Philip II was educated by his tutor, Juan de Zúñiga, by Cardinal Silíceo, his teacher of elementary education and confessor, and by Juan Ginés de Sepúlveda, who provided his pupil with a humanist education. Prince Philip’s political apprenticeship commenced in 1543, when he first replaced his father, Charles I, as Governor of Spain. In 1548, the heir to the Crown set out on a long tour of northern Italy, Austria, Germany and the Netherlands, thus visiting some of the territories that he would rule over in the future.
Married four times, Philip II's wives were María Manuela de Portugal...