Charles III
(Madrid, 1716 - Madrid, 1788)
The first-born son of Philip V (1683-1746) and his second wife, Elisabeth Farnese (1692-1766), the future Charles III was educated by Joseph Arnaud, the Jesuit priest Ignace de Laubrussel, and Father Saverio de la Conca. Together with learning to read and write, his training included knowledge of geography, history, religion, military tactics, Latin and modern languages, as well as other disciplines of a more social nature such as horse riding, hunting, dancing and music.
Charles III was not originally destined to reign, as his older brothers, the future Louis I and Ferdinand VI, preceded him in the line of succession to the Spanish throne. However, in early 1731, he was recognised as Duke of Parma and Piacenza, following the death...
Charles IV
(Nápoles (Italia), 1748 - Nápoles (Italia), 1819)
The seventh of thirteen children born to Charles III (1716-1819) and Maria Amalia of Saxony (1724-1819), the future Charles IV was sworn in as Prince of Asturias before the Cortes on 9th June 1760, after his older brother Philip was excluded from the line of succession due to his poor health. On 14th September 1765, he married his cousin, Princess Maria Luisa of Parma (1751-1819), at the Palace of La Granja de San Ildefonso (Segovia). The royal couple had fourteen children: the Infante Carlos Clemente (1771-1774); the Infanta Carlota Joaquina (1775-1830), Queen of Portugal by marriage to John VI (1767-1826); the Infanta Maria Luisa (1777-1782); the Infanta Maria Amalia (1779-1798), married to her uncle, the Infante Antonio Pascual; the Infante Carlos...